Niue

Niue

Flag of Niue
Official languages	Niuean, English
Capital	Alofi
Head of State	Elizabeth II
New Zealand High Commissioner	Sandra Lee-Vercoe
Premier	Young Vivian
Area  - Total  - % water	260 km²  0
Population  - Total (2003)	2,145
Establishment  - Date	Niue Constitution Act  19 October 1974
Currency	New Zealand dollar
Time zone	UTC -11
Calling Code	683
Internet TLD	.nu
Map of Niue

Niue is an island located in the South Pacific Ocean. It is commonly known as "Rock of Polynesia". Although it is self-governing, it is in free association with New Zealand, and most nations regard it as a territory of that nation. Niue is located 2,400 kilometres north-east of New Zealand in a triangle between Tonga, Samoa and the Cook Islands.

Table of contents

1 History 2 Politics 3 Culture 4 Geography 5 Defence and foreign affairs 6 Related topics 7 External links

History

Main article: History of Niue

European involvement in Niue began in 1774 with Captain James Cook's sighting (landing was refused) of what he named "Savage Island".

The next major arrival was the London Missionary Society in 1846. Briefly a protectorate, the UK's involvement was passed on in 1901 when New Zealand annexed the island. Independence in the form of self-government was granted by the New Zealand parliament in the 1974 constitution.

In January of 2004, Niue was hit by the fierce tropical storm Cyclone Heta which killed two people and did extensive damage to the entire island.

Politics

Main article: Politics of Niue

The Niue Constitution Act 1974 (NZ) vests executive authority in Her Majesty the Queen in Right of New Zealand and the Governor-General of New Zealand. The constitution specifies that in everyday practice, it is exercised by a Cabinet of the Premier of Niue and three other ministers. The premier and ministers must be members of the Niue Assembly, the nation's legislative assembly.

The assembly consists of twenty democratically elected members, fourteen by the electors of village constituencies. The remaining six are elected the same way, except several constituencies are combined for each seat. Electors must be New Zealand citizens, resident for at least three months, and candidates must have been electors, resident for twelve months. The speaker is elected from among the members.

Culture

Main article: Culture of Niue

See Music of Niue

Geography

Main article: Geography of Niue

Niue is an island located in the southern Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga. The geographic cordinates of Niue are {{coor|{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_1000000|{}°{}′ {} {}°{}′ {}}}.

There are three geographically outlying coral reefs within the territorial waters, that do not have any land area:

1. Beveridge Reef, at 20°00'S, 167°48'W, 300 km Southeast, submerged atoll drying during low tide, 9.5 km North-South, 7.5 km East-West, total area 56 km², no land area, lagoon 11 meters deep
2. Antiope Reef, at 18°15'S, 168°24'W, 193 km Southeast, about 550 meters long (North-South) and 280 meters wide
3. Haran Reef (Harans Reef), at 21°33'S, 168°55'W
4. Albert Meyer Reef, at 20°53'S, 172°19'W, almost 5 km long and wide, least depth 3 meters, not officially claimed by Niue

Niue is one of world's largest coral islands. The terrain of Niue consists of steep limestone cliffs along the coast with a central plateau rising to about 60 metres above sea level. A coral reef surrounds the island, with the only major break in the reef being in the central western coast, close to the capital, Alofi. A notable feature of the island is the number of limestone caves found close to the coast.

The island is roughly oval in shape, with two large bays indenting the western coast (Alofi Bay in the centre, and Avatele Bay in the south). Between these is the promontory of Halagigie Point. A small peninsula, Tepa Point (or Blowhole Point) is located close to the settlement of Avatele in the southwest. Most of the island's population reside close to the west coast, around the capital and in the northwest.

The island has a tropical climate, with most rainfall occurring between November and April.

Defence and foreign affairs

Niue has been self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for foreign affairs and defence; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue. Niue has no regular indigenous military forces.

Related topics

• Economy of Niue
• Demographics of Niue
• Transportation in Niue
• Communications in Niue

External links

• Niuean Government site
• Niue National Telecommunications Policy 2003
• History of Niue
• Internet Users Society Niue site
• National Internet access information at the IUS-N site
• .nu domain name registry site
• Electionworld file on Niue
• Map of Niue
• Register article which mentions the impact of the cyclone
• World Factbook entry on Niue

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