Navarre

For other uses, see Navarre (disambiguation).

Navarre (Spanish Navarra, Basque Nafarroa) is an autonomous community and province of Spain. Its official Spanish-language name is Comunidad Foral de Navarra (for an explanation of foral, see fueros).

Community

It is bordered by the autonomous communities of the Basque Country (the provinces of Bizkaia, Guipúzcoa; and Álava;), La Rioja, and Aragon (provinces of Zaragoza/Saragossa, Teruel and Huesca), and by France.

Of its population of 569,628 (2002), one-third live in the capital, Pamplona (Basque Iruñea or Iruña). There are 272 municipalities in Navarre. See List of municipalities in Navarre.

People and culture

Navarre is a mixture of the Basque influence from the Pyrenees and the Mediterranean influences coming from the Ebro. The Ebro valley is amenable to wheat, vegetables, wine, and even olive trees, as in Aragon and Rioja. It was settled by the Roman Empire and later the taifa kingdom of Tudela. During the Reconquista, the Northerners extended southwards. In the Middle Ages, Pamplona was a crossing place for Basques, Gascons from beyond the Pyrenees and Romance speakers.

The Basque language has been losing ground for centuries. Often feelings of Basqueness are linked to the language. Somebody from a place where Basque was lost decades ago could say that she is not Basque but her grandfather was. Feelings of Basqueness often are carried onto politics with Basque nationalism being stronger in the North, either within Navarrese branches of Basque parties like Batasuna or as homegrown movements like Batzarre. Among the parties that downplay links to the Basque Country, there are local branches of Spanish parties like PSOE and also local movements like Convergencia de Demócratas Navarros.

History

For fuller account of history of Navarre, see Kingdom of Navarre.

See also

• Adiós, Navarre
• Kingdom of Navarre
• Kings of Navarre
• Kings of Navarre family tree