Libra
- This article is about the constellation. Libra is also a Roman coin and weight measure, see Ancient weights and measures. Libra is also a novel by Don DeLillo. LIBRA is also a political party in Croatia.
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| Table of contents |
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2 Mythology 3 Stars 4 External links |
Notable features
The brightest stars in Libra form a rectangle:
- α Librae, Zubenelgenubi ("southern claw"), a visual binary;
- β Librae, Zubeneschamali ("northern claw");
- γ Librae, Zubenelakrab ("scorpion's claw");
- σ Librae, an eclipsing variable.
Mythology
The constellation, which had originally formed part of the claws of the scorpion (Scorpio), is the youngest of the Zodiac and the only one not to represent a living creature. In later Greek mythology, the constellation, which when considered on its own looks vaguely like a set of scales, was considered to depict the scales held by Astraea (identified as Virgo), the goddess of justice.
Since Libra was originally part of Virgo (as scales), and before that part of Scorpio, it was not a distinct entity for which a zodiac sign was named. Its place may have been taken by Botes, which is the nearest to the ecliptic. Since the place Botes should have held on the ecliptic is vacant, it may have, together with Ursa Major, Draco, and Ursa Minor, also in Libra, led to the myth of the apples of the Hesperides, one of The Twelve Labours of Herakles.
Astrology
The Western astrological sign Libra of the tropical zodiac (September 23–October 22) differs from the astronomical constellation and the Hindu astrological sign of the sidereal zodiac (October 31–November 22).In some cosmologies, Libra is associated with the classical element Air, and thus called an Air Sign (with Aquarius and Gemini). It is also one of the four cardinal signs (along with Aries, Cancer, and Capricorn). Its polar opposite is Aries. It is the domicile of Venus and the exaltation of Saturn. Each astrological sign is assigned a part of the body, viewed as the seat of its power. Libra rules the lower back and internal reproductive organs. The symbol for Libra is the Scales.
Stars
- Stars with proper names:
- Zubenelgenubi [Zuben Elgenubi] or Kiffa Australis [Elkhiffa australis] (8/α1 Lib, 9/α2 Lib) – double 5.15, 2.75
- < الزبن الجنوبي az-zuban al-janūbiyy The southern claw (of the scorpion)
- < ? al-kiffah al-janūbiyy The southern pan (of the scales)
- Zubenelgenubi [Zuben Elgenubi] or Kiffa Australis [Elkhiffa australis] (8/α1 Lib, 9/α2 Lib) – double 5.15, 2.75
- Zubeneschamali [Zuben Eschamali, Zuben el Chamali, Zubenesch, Zubenelg] or Kiffa Borealis (27/β Lib) 2.61
- < الزبن الشمالي az-zuban a-amāliyy The northern claw (of the scorpion)
- < ? al-kiffah a-amāliyy The northern pan (of the scales)
- Zuben Elakrab [Zuben (el) Hakrabi, Zuben Hakraki] (38/γ Lib) 3.91
- < زبن العقرب zuban al-caqrab The claw of the scorpion
- < زبن العقرب zuban al-caqrab The claw of the scorpion
- Zuben Elakribi or Mulu-lizi (see γ Lib;) (19/δ Lib) 4.91
- Zuben Hakrabi [Zuban Alakrab] (see γ Lib;) (η Lib) 5.41
- 21/ν Lib; (or Zuben Hakrabim, see γ Lib;) 5.19
- Brachium or Cornu (or Zuben el Genubi, see α Lib;; or Zuben Hakrabi, see γ Lib;; or Ankaa, see α Phe;) (2/σ Lib) 3.29 — eclipsing variable
- Stars with Bayer designations:
- ε Lib; 4.92; ζ Lib; 5.53; θ Lib; 4.13; ι Lib; 4.54; κ Lib; 4.75; λ Lib; 5.04; μ Lib; 5.32; ξ1 Lib; 5.78; ξ2 Lib; 5.48; ο Lib; 6.14; τ Lib; 3.66; υ Lib; 3.60
- Stars with Flamsteed designations:
- 2 Lib 6.22; 4 Lib 5.70; 5 Lib 6.33; 11 Lib 4.93; 12 Lib 5.27; 16 Lib 4.47; 17 Lib 6.61; 18 Lib 5.88; 22 Lib 6.41; 23 Lib 6.47 – has a planet; 25 Lib 6.07; 26 Lib 6.18; 28 Lib 6.16; 30 Lib 6.46; 32 Lib 5.64; 33 Lib 6.69; 34 Lib 5.82; 36 Lib 5.13; 37 Lib 4.61; 41 Lib 5.36; 42 Lib 4.97; 47 Lib 5.95; 48 Lib 4.95; 49 Lib 5.47; 50 Lib 5.53
- 2 Lib 6.22; 4 Lib 5.70; 5 Lib 6.33; 11 Lib 4.93; 12 Lib 5.27; 16 Lib 4.47; 17 Lib 6.61; 18 Lib 5.88; 22 Lib 6.41; 23 Lib 6.47 – has a planet; 25 Lib 6.07; 26 Lib 6.18; 28 Lib 6.16; 30 Lib 6.46; 32 Lib 5.64; 33 Lib 6.69; 34 Lib 5.82; 36 Lib 5.13; 37 Lib 4.61; 41 Lib 5.36; 42 Lib 4.97; 47 Lib 5.95; 48 Lib 4.95; 49 Lib 5.47; 50 Lib 5.53
- Other notable stars:
- HR 5568
| Constellations listed by Ptolemy |
| Andromeda | Aquarius | Aquila | Ara | Argo Navis | Aries | Auriga | Botes | Cancer | Canis Major; | Canis Minor; | Capricornus | Cassiopeia | Centaurus | Cepheus | Cetus | Corona Australis; | Corona Borealis; | Corvus | Crater | Cygnus | Delphinus | Draco | Equuleus | Eridanus | Gemini | Hercules | Hydra | Leo | Lepus | Libra | Lupus | Lyra | Ophiuchus | Orion | Pegasus | Perseus | Pisces | Piscis Austrinus; | Sagitta | Sagittarius | Scorpius | Serpens | Taurus | Triangulum | Ursa Major; | Ursa Minor; | Virgo |
| The 88 modern Constellations |
| Andromeda | Antlia | Apus | Aquarius | Aquila | Ara | Aries | Auriga | Botes | Caelum | Camelopardalis | Cancer | Canes Venatici; | Canis Major; | Canis Minor; | Capricornus | Carina | Cassiopeia | Centaurus | Cepheus | Cetus | Chamaeleon | Circinus | Columba | Coma Berenices; | Corona Australis; | Corona Borealis; | Corvus | Crater | Crux | Cygnus | Delphinus | Dorado | Draco | Equuleus | Eridanus | Fornax | Gemini | Grus | Hercules | Horologium | Hydra | Hydrus | Indus | Lacerta | Leo | Leo Minor; | Lepus | Libra | Lupus | Lynx | Lyra | Mensa | Microscopium | Monoceros | Musca | Norma | Octans | Ophiuchus | Orion | Pavo | Pegasus | Perseus | Phoenix | Pictor | Pisces | Piscis Austrinus; | Puppis | Pyxis | Reticulum | Sagitta | Sagittarius | Scorpius | Sculptor | Scutum | Serpens | Sextans | Taurus | Telescopium | Triangulum | Triangulum Australe; | Tucana | Ursa Major; | Ursa Minor; | Virgo | Vela | Volans | Vulpecula |
External links
